Thalackottore jose department of engineering and design school of engineering and informatics university of sussex, falmer, brighton, bn1 9qt, uk. Pot designs these are simple designs of evaporative coolers that can be used in the home. Energy efficient evaporative air cooling systems free. Evaporative cooling are mainly of two types namely direct and indirect evaporative cooling systems as shown in fig. Highlyefficient evaporative cooling systems can reduce energy use by 70% the actual savings will vary with the type of evaporative system and climate. Evaporative cooling is a process that reduces air temperature by evaporation of water into the airstream.
Cooling is provided whilst keeping the evaporative process outside. Waterbased evaporative cooling technologies have been used for many centuries to provide comfort in cities. Leadership in energy and environmental design leed points can be achieved by using cooling options that. Evaporative cooling design guidelines ced engineering. Analysis of advanced solar hybrid desiccant cooling systems.
The roof configuration can also influence the temperature increase. The theory of direct evaporative cooling owes much to dr. The three types of evaporative cooling systems considered were an open roofpond, a movingwater layer over the roof and a water spray over the roof. Thermo siphon system in this system the circulation of water is due to difference in temperature i. Evaporative cooling differs from typical air conditioning systems, which use vaporcompression or absorption refrigeration cycles. Airside economization uses air from the outdoors to regulate the equipments coolness. Installing an evaporative cooling system is an alternative method of using an air conditioning system that pumps refrigerant through compression and evaporative cycles. Vapour compression refrigeration systems involve high energy consumptions and environmental emissions and that makes this kind of technology unattractive. Since a static pressure drop across the pads is required, pad and fan systems cannot be used with natural wind open curtain ventilation and are mostly used in tunnelventilated poultry houses.
In evaporative cooling systems an air stream with high humidity ratio is released in the ambient without any treatment. A better understanding of evaporative cooling systems can help home inspectors complete inspections of new builds and existing homes with more accuracy. Twophase evaporative liquid cooling systems for renewable. The systems design was based upon the humidifying capacity of an ultrasonic humidifier supplied by a quebec company, plastique frapa inc. Three different types of evaporative cooling pads were used, namely. Desiccant cooling systems are very good at providing latent cooling by reducing the humidity ratio of building air.
Direct evaporative cooling systems is a technology which involves adiabatic humidification and cooling of air with supplementary heat exchange facilities to lower final air temperature and try to reduce relative humidity. These systems use only a fraction of the energy of typical compressorbased cooling systems. An historical coverage follows of the proposed concepts dating back to 1918. The technology is a versatile and energyefficient alternative to compressorbased cooling. Evaporative cooling is based on the thermodynamics of evaporation of water, i. When sweat evaporates from the skin, a large amount of heat is required. Evaporative cooling or adiabatic cooling or evaporative adiabatic cooling in the context with data center cooling describes all the same.
Evaporative cooling design guidelines pdh courses online. Evaporative cooler types evaporative coolers cool boss. His theory of adiabatic saturation and the standard psychrometric chart are its roots. An evaporative cooling systems typically comprises of items such as external louvres, evaporative cooling unit and water connections. Many households use conventional cooling systems as a backup to their evaporative cooling systems during these periods. Direct evaporative coolers decs cool air by directly evaporating water into an airstream.
Duan, zhiyin 2011 investigation of a novel dew point. The cooling energy requirements are certainly a key issue in warm climates. This online engineering pdh course discusses some of the pertinent design issues and guidelines for evaporative cooling systems. Provide manual reset control for motors rated greater than 34. Evaporative cooling is a reliable, lowtech method to provide cooler air during hot weather. Compared to airconditioning which uses mechanical refrigeration, the evaporative cooling can fully satisfy building cooling loads using onefourth the energy of conventional equipment. Part of this research program investigated combinations of dehumidification and evaporative cooling in solardriven hybrid desiccant cooling systems. Nov 04, 2015 evaporative cooling or adiabatic cooling or evaporative adiabatic cooling in the context with data center cooling describes all the same. Aquacool evaporative cooling systems growers supply. Evaporative cooling systems bim object definition from nbs. Course contents evaporative coolers, often called swamp coolers, are cooling systems that use only water and a blower to circulate air. Initially, the benefits of evaporative cooling systems are restated in terms of improved engine efficiency, reduced co 2 emissions, and improved fuel economy. Evaporative cooler an overview sciencedirect topics. Water can absorb a lot of heat without changing phases, allowing it to remove heat.
Evaporative cooling evaporative cooling is a process that reduces air temperature by evaporation of water into the airstream. During prolonged periods of high temperatures they are unable to maintain internal temperatures below 25c. In addition evaporation units can be combined with more energy consuming dx direct expansion compressor cooling units. Experience has shown that air may heat up as rapidly as 1f every 10 feet as it moves across the greenhouse on sunny summer days. Danny harvey, in the future of the worlds climate second edition, 2012. One of the most effective ways to combat extreme heat and humidity in the workplace is to employ the use of an evaporative cooling system. Evaporative cooling is a physical phenomenon in which evaporation of a liquid, typically into surrounding air, cools an object or a liquid in contact with it. There are several types of evaporative coolers including the following.
This phase change requires energy, which is called latent heat of evaporation this is the energy required to change a substance from liquid phase to the gaseous one without temperature change. E odoc adepartment of agricultural and bioresources engineering, university of nigeria, nsukka bdepartment of nursing science, university of maiduguri, borno state, nigeria. Evaporative cooling systems use the same principle as perspiration to provide cooling for. Unit 5 cooling systems of ic engines cooling systems. There are two basic types of evaporative air coolers eacs. The principle underlying evaporative cooling is the fact that water must have heat applied to it to change from a liquid to a vapor. Choosing an evaporative cooling system offers a substantial energy cost savings. In summary, evaporative cooling is the process of removing heat from a surface due to the evaporation of water. Two temperatures are important when dealing with evaporative cooling systemsdry bulb temperature and wet bulb temperature.
Analysis of advanced solar hybrid desiccant cooling. It is used in data center and large it facilities to provide air cooling conditioning services. United states general services administration gsa region 8. Direct and indirect evaporating cooling units can be combined together in hybrid systems with serial connected indirect and direct evaporative units. Agenda closedloop, evaporative cooling systems wet surface air coolers wsac technology comparison applications water. Driptype with stationary wetted pad rotarytype with revolving drum or disk. Evaporative cooling is also known as swamp cooling, desert cooling and wet air cooling. There are two essential requirements for evaporative cooling.
However, when the desiccant cooling system must handle the entire load, it overdries the process air so evaporative cooling can be used for the sensible cooling. Performance evaluation of three different types of local. The evaporative cooling module shall be selfcontained. The basic design consists of a storage pot placed inside a bigger pot that holds water. The concept of evaporative cooling came from the sweating of our bodies. Before the estcp project, a federal energy management program report was. When evaporative processes are used to cool an element of the building, which then acts as a heat sink, this is known as indirect evaporative cooling. Parker hannifin corporation, a developer of motion and control technologies, has released new twophase evaporative liquid cooling systems for renewable energy power conversion systems. The increase in atmospheric co 2 leads to a restriction in stomatal opening, reducing evaporative cooling and thereby increasing the local warming of the land surface compared to the case without physiological effects of higher co 2. This article, which explores the reasons why you should manage your industrial cooling water, is one in an occasional series on water management basics and technologies. The parker systems inherent cooling efficiency benefits can result total system cost reductions of up to 15 percent, andor enable up to a 33 percent increase in converter rated capacity using. Furnish proof satisfactory to the owner or his representative, of having manufactured evaporative cooler systems for a period of. Multistaged indirect evaporative cooler evaluation gsa. The results obtained for relative humidity inside the greenhouses with different types of evaporative cooling pads, as well as for the conditions outside the greenhouses, at 1 pm are shown in table 2 and fig.
This technique has its flaws since it can potentially allow pollutants and moisture from the outdoors to enter into the data center. Principles and application of evaporative cooling systems for fruits and vegetables preservation j. As water evaporates, energy is lost from the air, causing its temperature to drop. The performance of evaporative systems deteriorates as the humidity. When warm, dry unsaturated air is pulled through a watersoaked pad, water is evaporated and is absorbed as water vapor into the air. International journal of engineering research and general. Fan and pad greenhouse evaporative cooling systems 3 area covered by plants, and floor material i. Principles and application of evaporative cooling systems for. Pdf evaluation of evaporative cooling systems in industrial. Introduction the indirect evaporative cooling technology iec is a solution that can be used in the air handling units to reduce the energy consumption during the summer period, both in residential and commercial applications. The analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences p 0. One must know them to understand the operation of evaporative coolers. Industrial and commercial evaporative cooling systems have several benefits. The design will depend on the materials available and the users requirements.
May 23, 20 electronics cooling liquid cooling, new products, power parker hannifin corporation, a developer of motion and control technologies, has released new twophase evaporative liquid cooling systems for renewable energy power conversion systems. Up to 80% more economical than conventional air conditioning systems, our awardwinning evaporative cooling systems have delivered proven cost reductions and operational returns throughout the manufacturing, food and beverage, it, retail. Musa 11 also investigated the use of more common aspen pads materials for indirect evaporative cooling system. This evaporative cooling design guidelines manual for new mexico schools and commercial. Evaporative cooling is a method of converting hot air into a cool breeze using the process of evaporating water. Evaluation of evaporative cooling systems in industrial buildings. In this paper an approach to recover water from such humid air is presented.
Indirect evaporative cooling can be used to lower both the dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures. Up to 80% more economical than conventional air conditioning systems, our awardwinning evaporative cooling systems have delivered proven cost reductions and operational returns throughout the manufacturing, food and beverage, it, retail, health and education. There are several kinds of evaporative air coolers. An evaporative cooler also swamp cooler, swamp box, desert cooler and wet air cooler is a device that cools air through the evaporation of water.
This manual is also intended as an overview of evaporative cooling principles and equipment for the nontechnical reader, with technical terms shown in bold print and defined in the glossary. Types of evaporative coolers direct evaporative coolers use a fan to pull outside air through media pads that are kept. Drought conditions and increasing water usage have combined to decrease the availability and increase the cost of the good quality, lowhardness water preferred for cooling tower makeup. Evaluation of evaporative cooling systems in industrial buildings article pdf available in international journal of heat and technology 333. Both compressorbased cooling and evaporative cooling systems are becoming more efficient, but on a btuofcoolingperkwhofelectricity basis, modern evaporative cooling systems are at least four times more efficient and demand is less by a. Investigation of an evaporative cooler for buildings in. Riffat and zhu 12 employed ceramic materials for indirect evaporative cooling systems. Water evaporates and the air temperature decreases.
Analysis of evaporative cooling system and recovery of. Aquacool evaporative cooling systems are the most durable, dependable and easytouse systems on the market today. Some are portable and others must be fixed somewhere to the wall. This paper was part of a senior year design project and reports the results of.
Matthaios santamouris, in minimizing energy consumption, energy poverty and global and local climate change in the built environment. Its material is chemically impregnated with special compounds to prevent rot and ensure a long service life. Principles and application of evaporative cooling systems. The rate of evaporative cooling is a function of both humidity and air movement. Evaporative cooling systems for new homes southwest energy.
Liquid cooling can be more efficient and direct in its cooling techniques. Evaporative cooling systems maintain better air quality and eliminate more allergens than an equivalent ac system. Raghavan department of bioresource engineering room ms1027, macdonaldstewart building, 21111 lakeshore road ste. Evaporative cooling uses the fact that water will absorb a relatively large amount of heat in. It is at this point that evaporative cooling is brought in. Abstract evaporative cooling is an energy efficient and environmentally friendly air conditioning technology. Accepta 2305 is an alkaline blend of corrosion inhibitor, threshold deposit control agent, sludge conditioner and bromine precursor for open evaporative cooling systems. Evaporative coolers can be an effective and less expensive alternative to compressorbased air conditioners for cooling homes in. Ventilation systems can provide comfort cooling for most of the year. Multipurpose treatment for open evaporative cooling systems. Both compressorbased cooling and evaporative cooling systems are becoming more efficient, but on a btuof cooling perkwhofelectricity basis, modern evaporative cooling systems are at least four times more efficient and demand is less by a factor of four or more. Our evaporative cooling systems have been tested in the most extreme temperatures and environments, and they have consistently proven to cool the air by as much as 30 degrees.
Evaporative cooling is a type of environment cooling techniques that cools the surrounding air using water evaporation technique. It will consist of the component parts as listed in the following sections. Cooling is achieved because of the extraction of the evaporation. Evaporative cooling occurs when air, that is not too humid, passes over a wet. Xcel energy in colorado ran a smallscale evaporative cooler pilot project aimed at new. Evaporative air cooling provides the most energy efficient temperature relief for commercial or industrial environments of any scale. Evaporative cooling, effectiveness, performance, energy saving. Raghavan kael eggie student branch faculty advisor. When evaporation occurs, this heat is taken from the water that remains in the liquid state, resulting in a cooler liquid. Cooling is provided whilst keeping the evaporative process outside, which avoids elevating the indoor humidity level. Pad and fan evaporative cooling systems can be very effective and are widely used in houses with more valuable chickens, such as breeders and layers. Unit 5 cooling systems of ic engines cooling systems of ic. Evaporative cooling an overview sciencedirect topics.
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